“瘦身”与“提质”:特大城市人口控制的路径选择

“Downsizing” and“Upgrading”: Path Choice for Population Control in Mega Cities

城市的集聚经济与拥堵成本共同决定了最优城市规模,但学术界对于特大城市的人口控制仍存在较大争论。当前,中国特大城市人口调控困难重重。由于特大城市与中小城市之间巨大的非户籍福利差距,以及特大城市内部中心城区和外围区域巨大的公共资源差距,在特大城市和中小城市之间形成了坚不可摧的"堰塞湖",阻挡了人口在特大城市和中小城市之间自由流动。特大城市人口调控绝不能局限于该特大城市本身,而必须立足于该特大城市为中心的都市圈或城市体系,既"瘦身",又"提质",双管齐下,才能收到成效。

Agglomeration economy and congestion cost determine the optimal size of the cities,but there is still a great deal of debate about population control in mega cities. Chinese mega cities are faced with great difficulties in population control. At present,there exists a wide gap in non-household-register welfare between mega cities and small and medium-sized cities as well as a wide gap in public resources between central cities and peripheral areas of mega cities. These gaps have formed an impenetrable barrier between mega cities and small and medium-sized cities,which has prevented free population flow between mega cities and small and medium-sized cities. Therefore,population control in mega cities should not be limited to the mega cities themselves. It must be carried out in the metropolitan areas or the city systems. around the mega cities. Only by both downsizing the mega cities and upgrading the small and medium-sized cities can population control bear fruit.