温州市养老机构老年人社会网络状况及其与老年人抑郁的关系

State Quo of Social Network of Elderly in Nursing Home in Wenzhou City and Its Relationship with Depression

目的:调查温州市养老机构老年人的社会网络现状及其与抑郁的关系。方法:采用配额抽样方法,抽取温州市10个养老机构的127名老年人,采用Lubben社会网络量表、老年抑郁量表(GDS)对其进行问卷调查。结果:老年人的社会网络得分为13.42±6.66,其中54.3%的老人社会网络不足。入住养老机构后,老年人与联系最多和关系最好的成员的联系频率减少,与家人面对面沟通的机会减少,对关系网的满意度下降,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。社会网络状况与抑郁呈负相关(P<0.05),入住意愿越低、听力越差、经济自评越困难者,其社会网络越不足。根据标准回归系数大小,入住意愿对社会网络得分的影响最大(P<0.05)。结论:家庭应给予老年人更多关怀,养老机构、政府、社会应采取各种措施改善老年人的社会网络状况,减少其抑郁的发生,提高老年人的生活质量。

Objective： To investigate the social network status of the elderly living in nursing home in Wenzhou City and identify its relationship with depression. Methods： A cross-sectional study was conducted among 127 elderly in 10 nursing homes through quota sampling method. Abbreviated version Of the Lubben Social Network Scale （LSNS-6） and 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS） were employed in the survey. Resetsi Social network mean score for the total sample was 13.42±6.66 and 54.3% Of the elderly suffered insufficient social network. After admitted to nursing home, the frequency Of association between the older people and the most connected and most relevant members was reduced , the opportunities for face-to-face communication with family members declined and ＂ Satisfaction with the network＂ declined. The differences were all statistically significant （P〈0.05） . The overall Social network score was negatively correlated with depression（P〈0.05）. The lower the willingness to stay, the worse the hearing, and the more difficult the economic self-assessment was, the less social networks were. According to the standard regression coefficient, the willingness to stay had the greatest impact on the social network score（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The family should give the elderly more mental care. Various measures should be taken to improve the social network of elderly by pension institutions, government and society in order to reduce the incidence of depression and improve life quality of the elderly,