从测量到治理:构建公共价值创造的整合分析模型

From Measurement to Governance:Constructing an Integrated Analysis Model of Public Value Creation

公共价值管理是后新公共管理时期的公共行政新范式,创造公共价值被视为新范式下政府工作的主要目标。近几年,学者们主要从范式变迁的角度阐述了公共价值管理的主要观点和范式意义,但微观上如何测量公共价值,并回应公共价值治理和创造的挑战尚缺系统研究,公共价值测量、管理、治理和创造的关系也并不清楚。运用文献分析方法,在公共价值测量的哲学基础上,本文从过程和内容两个层面阐释了公共价值测量的研究,包括其理论框架、方法和体系等。本文认为,公共价值治理包含了公共价值的识别、管理以及确认等三个环节,公共价值测量贯穿于公共价值治理的全过程,公共价值事前测量为公共价值识别累积信息基础,事中测量确保公共价值管理的效率和效益,事后测量为公共价值的确认与治理提供改进着力点。在以上研究基础上,本文提出了公共价值领域的未来重点研究问题,包括开发设计公共价值测量量表、分析公共价值创造过程中跨部门合作的影响因素与结果、公共价值冲突的形成机理和解决途径等。

Public value management is a new public administration paradigm in the post New Public Management era. Under the new paradigm, creating public value is treated as the core aim of government works. In recent years, scholars mainly illustrate the prepositions and paradigmatic meanings of public value management from the macro viewpoint of paradigm evolution. However, how to measure public value and respond to the challenges of public value governance and creation at a micro level still lack of systematic studies, and the relationship between public value measurement, management, governance and creation is unclear. Using literature review methods, this article illustrates the study of public value measurement from contents and process levels, ineluding its theoretical frameworks, approaches and systems based on the philosophical basis of the public value measurement. This article proposes that public value governance includes three stages： public value recognition, management and confirmation. Public value measurement runs through the whole process of public value governance. The pre-measurement of public value accumulates the information foundation for the public value recognition. The ongoing-measurement of public value ensures the efficiency and effectiveness of public value management. The post-measurement of public value provides the improvement focus for the confirmation and governance of public value. Based on the research above, this article puts forward key issues of public value research in the future, which include the development and design of public value measurement scale, the analysis of influencing factors and results of cross-sector cooperation in the process of public value creation, as well as the formation mechanism and solutions of public value conflicts.