一种植物纤维发泡材料的静态力学性能研究

Static Mechanical Performance of a Plant Fiber Foaming Material

目的研究某植物纤维发泡材料的力学性能,建立粘弹塑性力学模型。方法用万能材料试验机进行静态压缩实验,得到该植物纤维发泡材料的应力-应变曲线,并建立其力学模型,用SPSS软件对实验数据回归分析和参数识别,最后对比分析模型曲线与实验数据的吻合度。结果该植物纤维发泡材料变形有3个阶段,即弹性阶段、粘塑性阶段和压溃阶段。该植物纤维发泡材料的粘弹塑性模型可由1个线性弹簧元件、1个非线性弹簧元件、1个粘性元件和1个塑性元件组合而成。在弹性阶段,该植物纤维发泡材料的弹性模量参数为5.873 MPa;在粘塑性阶段,该植物纤维发泡材料的力学模型可用三次函数来表示,三次项、二次项、一次项和常数项的参数分别为9.155,-9.1,3.608,0.136。结论该植物纤维发泡材料是一种粘弹塑性材料,其理论模型可用三次函数表示,实验数据与理论模型吻合度高。

The work aims to study the mechanical properties of a plant fiber foaming material and establish the visco-elastic plastic mechanical model. The stress-strain curve of the plant fiber foaming material was obtained in the static compression test conducted with universal material tester. The mechanical model of the plant fiber foaming material was established. Regression analysis and parameter identification of the experimental data were carried out with SPSS software. Finally, the agreement between the model curve and the experimental data was compared and analyzed. There were three stages of deformation of the plant fiber foaming material, namely, elastic stage, visco-plastic stage and crushing stage. The visco-elastic plastic model of the plant fiber foaming material could be made up of a linear spring element, a nonlinear spring element, a viscous element and a plastic element. In the elastic stage, the modulus of elasticity of the plant fiber foaming material was 5.873 MPa. In the visco-plastic stage, the mechanical model of the plant fiber foaming material could be expressed by a cubic function, wherein the cubic term, the quadratic term, the linear term and the constant term were 9.155,-9.1, 3.608 and 0.136, respectively. The plant fiber foaming material is a kind of visco-elastic plastic material whose theoretical model can be expressed by a cubic function, and the experimental data well agree with those of the theoretical model.