浙江省居民结核病核心信息知晓情况及影响因素

Awareness of key knowledge about tuberculosis and its major influencing factors among general population in Zhejiang province

目的了解浙江省居民对结核病防治核心信息的知晓情况及影响因素。方法 2014年5—8月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取浙江省11个市的6 532名普通居民进行结核病防治知识知晓情况问卷调查,采用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行分析。结果浙江省居民结核病核心信息知晓率为44.5%;各年龄组知晓率分别为12岁~组49.6%,20岁~组49.2%,30岁~组51.9%,40岁~组48.2%,50岁~组40.1%,60~65岁组36.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);男性知晓率(45.9%)高于女性(43.0%)(P<0.05);知晓率随文化程度的提高而提高,文盲/半文盲知晓率最低(24.9%),小学学历者为35.4%,初中学历者为52.1%,高中学历者为54.7%,大学学历者最高(63.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同职业人群中,医务人员知晓率最高(90.6%),无业人员知晓率最低(36.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);家庭人均收入≥15 000元和<15 000元的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);多因素logistic回归分析表明,文化程度、职业、年人均收入是知晓率改善的影响因素;在信息的获取方式中,报纸、传单、电视、宣传栏、听说及主动学习是知晓程度改善的促进因素。结论浙江省公众对结核病核心信息的知晓程度依然较低,文化程度、家庭收入、部分职业因素,以及结核病信息的获取方式等均会对结核病核心信息的知晓情况产生影响。

Objective To explore the awareness status of knowledge about tuberculosis（TB） and its influencing factors among general population in Zhejiang province. Methods We conducted a household questionnaire survey on 5 items of core knowledge about TB among 6 532 urban and rural residents aged 12-65 years selected with stratified random sampling from 11 counties or districts in 11 municipalities in Zhejiang province between May and August 2014.SPSS 13. 0 was adopted in data analysis. Results The average score for key knowledge about TB was 2. 22 ± 1. 54 among all the participants and the scores were 2. 41 ± 1. 53,2. 49 ± 1. 45,2. 49 ± 1. 51,2. 33 ± 1. 57,2. 07 ± 1. 52,and1. 95 ± 1. 49 for the participants aged 12-19,20-29,30-39,40-49,50-59,60-65 years,respectively,with a significant difference（F = 21. 820,P〈0. 001）. The score differed among the participants by education level（the lowest [1. 54 ±1. 45]among the illiteracy or semi-illiteracy participants and the highest [3. 02 ± 1. 32]among the participants with college education [F = 105. 529,P〈0. 001]） and occupation（the highest[4. 02 ± 1. 00]for medical workers and the lowest[1. 89 ± 1. 43]for the unemployed[F = 26. 950,P〈0. 001]）. The results of multivariate analyses revealed that the knowledge level was positively related to education level of the participants and the knowledge level was also influenced by familial income and occupation of the participants. The awareness rate was impacted by the ways of acquiring TBrelated information,including newspaper,leaflet,television,bulletin board,and other active acquirement methods. Conclusion The awareness rate of key knowledge about TB is poor and mainly influenced by education,occupation,and ways of acquiring related information among general population in Zhejiang province.