生存理由在生活事件与自杀风险的中介及正念调节作用

Life events and suicide risk:mediation role of reasons for life and mindfulness adjustment

目的了解生存理由在生活事件与自杀风险之间的中介作用,以及正念在生存理由与自杀风险关系中的调节作用。方法整群抽取广州某高校2 948名大一新生,采用青少年生活事件量表、青少年生存理由量表、五因素正念量表以及自杀行为问卷进行调查。结果生活事件、自杀风险、生存理由和正念的总分分别为(33.25±6.58)、(4.78±2.10)、(162.71±18.72)和(123.63±12.41)分;生活事件总分与自杀风险得分呈显著正相关(r=0.32,P<0.05),与生存理由总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.16,P<0.05);生存理由总分与自杀风险得分呈显著负相关(r=-0.32,P<0.05);生活事件、生存理由与自杀风险构建的结构方程模型拟合度较好(χ~2=665.54,df=96,RM SEA=0.05,CFI=0.96,IFI=0.96,NFI=0.95,RFI=0.93),生存理由的中介效应显著;标准化的正念总分与生存理由的乘积项与自杀风险存在正相关(r=0.76),正念的调节效应显著。结论生活事件、生存理由、正念与自杀行为的关系密切,是一个有调节的中介效应模型。

Objective To explore the mediating role of reasons for life on the relationship between life events and suicidal behavior and the mediating effect of mindfulness on the association between reasons for life and suicidal behaviors. Methods Totally 2 494 freshmen were recruited from a college in Guangzhou city with cluster sampling and surveyed with the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List（ASLEC）,Reasons for Living Inventory for Adolescents（RFL-A）,Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire（FFMQ）,and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised（SBQ-R） in December 2013. Results Among the freshmen,the average scores were 33. 25 ± 6. 58 for life events（ASLEC）,4. 78 ± 2. 10 for suicidal behavior（SBQ-R）,162. 71 ± 18. 72 for reasons for life（RFL-A）,and 123. 63 ±12. 41 for mindfulness（FFMQ）,respectively. The life events score was positively correlated with suicidal behaviors score（r = 0. 32,P〈0. 05）and reversely correlated with reasons for living score（r =-0. 16,P〈0. 05）;reasons for living score was reversely correlated with suicidal behavior score（r =-0. 32,P〈0. 05）. A well-fitted structure equation model including variables of life events,reasons for living,and suicidal behaviors was constructed and the model revealed a significant mediating role of reasons for life on the relationship between life events and suicidal behavior,with the test statistics of χ^2 = 665. 54,df = 96,root mean square error of approximation（RMSEA） = 0. 05,comparative fit index（CFI） = 0. 96,incremental fit index（IFI） = 0. 96,normed fit index（NFI） = 0. 95,and relative fitness index（RFI） =0. 93,respectively. The product term of the score of standardized reasons for life and the score of mindfulness was positively correlated with suicidal behaviors score（r = 0. 76）,indicating a significant mediating effect of mindfulness on the association between reasons for life and suicidal behavior. Conclusion There are close relationships among life events,reasons for life,mindfulness and suicidal behaviors;the association of suicidal behaviors with life events may be mediated by reasons for life and that with reasons for live may be moderated by mindfulness.