徐州市2696例女性患者宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染状况及基因分型

Cervical human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution of 2696 gynecological patients in Xuzhou

目的探讨本地区妇科患者宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染状况和基因型分布情况,为宫颈癌防治提供可靠依据。方法采用PCR斑点杂交技术对不同年龄段的女性宫颈脱落细胞标本进行HPV基因分型检测,根据基因型分为高危组、中高危组、低危组,分析HPV在女性人群中的感染率、基因型和年龄分布特点。结果 2 696例患者共有HPV阳性1 272例,阳性率为47.18%。阳性病例中单一感染者780例(61.32%),重叠感染者492例(38.68%)。共检测到阳性例次2 053例次,其中高危型1 307例次(63.66%),中高危型271例次(13.20%),低危型475例次(23.14%)。HPV感染的阳性率以20岁及以下组患者为最高(66.67%),>60岁组患者最低(39.06%),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=28.619、P<0.001)。21~30岁组患者感染例次构成比为29.17%,31~40岁组患者为32.31%,41~50岁组患者为25.86%,患者高于其他各组,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=885.1、P<0.001)。高危型中16、52、58型为主要的感染型别,低危型中6、11型为主要的感染型别,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=1678、P<0.001)。结论本地区妇科患者HPV感染以单一感染和高危感染为主,感染率最高的亚型是高危16型;不同年龄分层的感染率略有不同。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus （HPV） infection and genotype distribution in this region, and to provide reliable basis for cervical cancer prevention. Methods The genotypes of HPV among women of different ages cervical exfoliated cells specimens were detected by PCR and hybridization technique. According to the genotype, patients were divided into high-risk group, middle-risk group and low-risk group. The infection rate, genotype and age distribution of HPV in the female population were analyzed, respectively. Results The positive rate was 47.18% （1272/2696）. Among the positive 1272 cases, the percentage of single HPV infection and multiple HPVs infection were 61.32% （780/1272） and 38.68% （492/1272）. Positive cases was detected 2053 cases, high-risk genotypes were found 1307 times （63.66%） which was higher than 475 times in low risk （23.14%） and 271 （13.20%） times in middle-risk group. The positive rate of HPV infection in patients who were 20 or younger than 20 years old was 66.67%, meanwhile, it was 39.06% in patients older than 60 years old, with significant differences （χ2 = 28.619, P 〈 0.001）. As to constituent ratio of positive cases, patients of 21 to 30 years old was 29.17%, patients of 31 to 40 years old was 32.31% and patients of 41 to 50 years old was 25.86%, which were higher than other groups, with significant differences （χ2 = 885.1, P 〈 0.001）. Among the high-risk genotypes, HPV 16, 52, 58 were found more common than other genotypes. Among the low-risk genotypes, HPV 6, 11 were found more common than other genotypes, with significant difference （χ2= 1678, P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions Single infection and high-risk infection took the main part in the HPV infection in the region of department of gynaecology patients, subtype of the highest infection rates are high risk 16 genotypes. There existed a slight difference in infection rates of different age groups.