中学教师职业压力与心理健康的关系——心理资本的调节作用

The Relationship Between Occupational Stress and Mental Health in Middle School Teachers:The Moderation Effect of the Psychological Capital

为考察中学教师职业压力、心理健康与心理资本的现状,以及心理资本对中学教师职业压力与心理健康之间关系的调节作用,研究采用职业压力量表、本土化心理资本量表和SCL-90对某市235名中学教师进行了研究,结果显示:(1)普通中学与重点中学教师的心理健康与职业压力之间没有差异,但普通中学教师的心理学资本低于重点中学。(2)中学教师的心理健康水平存在性别差异,在职业压力和心理资本上不存在性别差异。(3)中学教师的心理健康和心理资本不存在职称上的差异,但在职业压力上存在职称上的差异。(4)中学教师心理资本对职业压力与心理健康之间关系起着不完全调节作用,具体来说,奋发进取与职业压力的交互作用正向预测教师的心理健康。

This study investigates the moderation effect of the psychological capital on the relationship between occupational stress and mental health in middle school teachers. Two hundred and thirty--five middle school teachers were recruited in the study and responded to the occupational stress scale, a measure of psychological capital and the SCL--90 test. The results indicate that 1） Teachers from the regular schools had a lower level of psychological capital than teachers from the key schools; however, no significant difference was found in terms of occupational stress and mental health; 2） Gender difference was found regarding the level of mental health, but not for occupational stress and psychological capital; 3） Different levels psychological capital and mental health were found for teachers with different professional ranks; 4） the psychological capital play a moderation role for the relationship between occupational stress and mental health; there is a positive interaction effect of occupational stress and entrepreneurial spirit in predicting the level of mental health.