氯化锂溶液为工质的溶液浓差发电实验研究

Experimental study of solution concentration difference power generation with lithium chloride solution as working fluid

利用配制的氯化锂溶液作为工作介质,通过实验研究稀溶液和浓溶液浓度变化对逆向电渗析电池组(REDCs)开路电压、内阻以及功率密度等电池特性参数的影响.研究结果表明,由10个电池单元构成的REDCs在所研究的浓度范围内,最大开路电压为1.88V,最大功率密度为1.67 W/m^2.电池的开路电压随稀溶液浓度增大而降低,而随浓溶液浓度增大出现先增后降的趋势.电池内阻随浓、稀溶液的浓度增大而降低.电池的端电压与功率密度受电流影响.随电流增大,端电压呈线性下降的趋势,而功率密度变化却呈上凸的二次曲线.当电路总电阻为电池内阻两倍时,电池功率密度达到最大值.

Through experiments, the influences of concentration variations of both weak and strong solutions on the characteristic parameters of reverse electrodialysis cells （REDCs）, such as open circuit voltage （OCV）, internal resistance and power density, are explored, in which lithium chloride solution prepared is used as working fluid. The results show that the maximal OCV and power density of the homemade REDCs with 10 cells are 1. 88 V and 1. 67 W/m2 in the range of experimental concentration, respectively. The OCV of the REDCs reduces with the increase of weak solution concentration, hut increases first and then reduces with the increase of strong solution concentration. The internal resistances of the REDCs reduce with the increase of both weak and strong solution concentrations. The terminal voltage and power density of the REDCs are affected by current. With the increase of current, the terminal voltage drops linearly hut the variations of power density appear a convex quadratic curve. The power density of the REDCs reaches maximum when the total circuit resistance is twice as big as the internal resistance of the REDCs.