小儿慢性咳嗽原因分布与相关因素分析

Analysis of Related Factors and Causes of Chronic Cough in Children

小儿慢性咳嗽病因复杂,且不同年龄阶段患儿病因也不尽相同,近年来该病在临床上发病率呈上升趋势,影响小儿正常生长及发育,甚至引发多种严重并发症,对小儿生命健康造成严重危害。儿童在呼吸道免疫功能、耐药性、生理成熟过程、病原种类等方面较特殊,特应性体质、被动吸烟、呼吸道疾病住院史、鼻炎史、过度通气等均与小儿慢性咳嗽的发病密切相关。因此,应及早对疾病病因进行明确诊断,在对其相关因素进行分析的基础上进行针对性治疗,有利于增强治疗效果。小儿慢性咳嗽患病人群男比女多,此种情况与男孩气道高紧张性与气道狭窄有关。婴幼儿期病原体过量及气道炎症可导致分泌物阻塞气道,引起支气管扩张及感染,进而导致小儿咳嗽。

The cause of chronic cough in children is complicated, and the cause of children of different ages are not the same, in recent years the disease in clinic, the incidence is rising, affecting children＇s normal growth and development, and even lead to more serious complications, causing serious harm to life and health of children. In the aspect of children＇s respiratory tract immune function, drug resistance, physiological maturation, pathogen is special, atopy, passive smoking and respiratory disease hospitalization history of rhinitis, hyperventilation and are closely related to the pathogeny of chronic cough in children. Therefore, we should make a clear diagnosis of the cause of the disease as soon as possible, and carry out targeted treatment on the basis of analyzing the related factors, which is conducive to enhancing the therapeutic efect. The prevalence of chronic cough in children is more than that in males, which is related to the airway hyper tension and airway stenosis in boys. Excessive pathogens and airway infammation in infants may cause secretions to block the airways, causing bronchiectasis and infection, leading to cough in children.