基于GIS的贵港市雷暴日时空变化特征

Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of thunderstorm days by GIS in Guigang

利用贵港市及周边邻近的气象站近30a(1981-2010年)的观测资料,采取统计学方法及GIS技术,对贵港市雷暴日的时空分布特征进行分析研究。结果表明:贵港市近30a年平均雷暴日数为73.4d,最多的年雷暴日数是100d(1983年),最少的年雷暴日数是57d(2009年),年平均雷暴日数呈明显减少的趋势;全年各月均有雷暴发生,各月雷暴日数差异大,呈单峰型分布,峰值出现在7月份;雷暴日大多集中在汛期(4-9月),雷暴出现频率达89.5%;其中6-8月为全年雷暴高峰月。季节上,雷暴主要出现在春夏两季。在空间上,贵港市年雷暴日数自北向南逐渐增多;北部山区的年雷暴日数多在50-70d,中部多在70-80d,南部为80-90d。该研究可为贵港市雷暴的监测预警、评估以及开展防雷检测防灾工作提供了科学的参考依据。

Based on the observation data from 1981 to 2010, the spatial-temporal characteristics of thunderstorm days by means of mathematical statistical methods and GIS technology were analyzed. The results showed that the annual average days of the thunderstorm was 73.4 days, the most days of the thunderstorm was 100 days that happened in 1983, the least days of the thunderstorm was 57 days that happened in 2009, and the annual average days of thunderstorm was an obviously decreasing trend. The thunderstorm may happen all the year around, and its monthly variability was significant. The monthly thunderstorm in Guigang presented a parabolic unimodal model, its peak value happened in July. The thunderstorm mainly appeared from April to September, accounting for 89.5% of the total thunderstorm days in a year.There was an obvious seasonal thunderstorm with most in summer and spring. The annual average days of thunderstorm was increasing from north to south. The annual thunderstorm days in the northern mountains were 50 to 70 days; the number of days in the central part was 70 to 80 days, and 80 to 90 days in the south.