肠炎沙门氏菌和哈瓦那沙门氏菌的耐药性及耐药基因分析

Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance and Related Genes of Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella havana

为了保障食品安全,更好的了解耐药性的产生及传播的途径,研究了新疆乌鲁木齐市部分农贸市场内检出的17株肠炎沙门氏菌和11株哈瓦那沙门氏菌的药敏性及相关耐药基因。用琼脂稀释法测定沙门氏菌的药敏性,用聚合酶链式反应和测定基因序列的方法确定耐药沙门氏菌中与喹诺酮类药物相关的抗性决定区突变基因以及质粒携带的耐药基因。17株肠炎沙门氏菌对环丙沙星和头孢西丁表现为100%敏感,对萘定酮酸的耐药率为94.1%,头孢曲松的耐药率为17.6%,qnr B检出率为64.7%,17株肠炎沙门氏菌发生Gyr A基因突变,主要突变类型为Asp87Tyr;11株哈瓦那沙门氏菌对甲氧芐啶、氯霉素、磺胺二甲异唑、磺胺甲基异恶唑/甲氧苄啶、萘啶酮酸、头孢西丁的耐药率为100%、63.6%、36.4%、18.2%、9.1%和9.1%,氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸敏感率为100%,qnr B,qnr S的检出率均为9.1%,11株哈瓦那沙门氏菌Par C基因突变类型为Thr57ser。新疆乌鲁木齐肠炎沙门氏菌和哈瓦那沙门氏菌耐药情况比较严重,对抗生素的耐药状况应当予以关注,其喹诺酮类药物耐药决定区突变基因及质粒携带的耐药基因在一定程度上会影响肠炎沙门氏菌和哈瓦那沙门氏菌的耐药机制。

The drug susceptibility and the related resistance genes of 17 strains of salmonella enteritidis and 11 strains of salmonella Havana had been studied in detection by Xinjiang Urumqi part of the farmer＇s market, in order to ensure food safety, better understanding the development of drug resistance and the ways to spread. The drug sensitivity of Salmonella was evaluated by agar dilution method. In addition, PCR and gene sequencing were used to detect the presence of mutations in the quinolone resistancedetermining region（QRDR） and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes. The susceptibility rates of these 17 Salmonella enteritidis isolates were 100% to ciprofloxacin and cefoxitin, these Salmonella isolates were 94.1%, these nalidixic acid and ceftriaxone isolates were 17.6%, and the gene detection rate of qnr B was 64.7%, 17 strains of Salmonella enteritidis Gyr A gene mutation, the main mutation type Asp87 Tyr; The drug resistance rates of 11 Salmonella havana isolates totrimethoprim, chloromycetin, sulfadimethisoxazol, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, cefoxitin were 100%, 63.6%, 36.4%, 18.2%, 9.1%, 9.1% and the sensitive rate of ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was 100%, the detection rate of qnr B, qnr S is 9.1%, gene mutation type of 11 strains of Salmonella Havana Par C is Thr57 Ser. Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella havana drug resistance is serious in Xinjiang Urumqi. There should be concerns about the serious case of resistance to antimicrobial in Salmonella.In addition, the quinolone resistancedetermining region（QRDR） mutations and the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes may affect the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella havana.