北京市居民节能意识调查及潜力分析

Investigation on Energy-saving Awareness and Analysis on Energy-saving Potentials of Beijing Residents

居民生活能耗包括家庭采暖、家电、烹饪及交通等居民生活所直接消耗的能源。2015年,北京市居民生活能耗为1552.7×104t标准煤,占全市能耗总量的22.7%,是"十三五"能源总量控制目标的重要影响因素。其中,人均生活能耗为718.5kg标准煤,城镇居民为694.6kg标准煤,农村居民为871.2kg标准煤。采用网络在线访问方式分别对居民的节能意识、节能知识、节能行为、节能意愿作了问卷调查,发现居民虽然具备个体层面的节能意识,但缺乏社会层面的能源认知和具体的节能知识,节能责任意识和主观自觉性不强,同时发现居民具有学习节能知识的需求,且愿意为能源节约和改善环境而付出努力。在此基础上提出三方面建议:改进节能宣传培训的方式和内容,加强能源危机意识教育和应用型知识培训;研究出台符合形势要求的能源节约措施;推广节能新产品新技术。

Residential energy consumption refers to the energy directly consumed in residential life such as house heating,household electrical appliance,cooking and transportation.In 2015,the residential energy con- sumption of Beijing residents is 15.527 million tons of standard coal,accounting for 22.7% of the total ener- gy consumption of the city,so it is an important influential factor of the total energy control target during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.The per capita residential energy consumption is 718.5kg standard coal,and the energy consumptions of urban residents and rural residents are 694.6kg and 871.2kg standard coal re- spectively.Online questionnaires are used to separately knowledge,energy-saving behavior and energy-saving investigate the energy-saving awareness,energy-saving willingness of residents.The results show that although the residents have energy-saving awareness at the individual level,they are lack of energy cognition at the society level,specific energy-saving knowledge,awareness of energy-saving responsibility and subjective con- sciousness.It is also found that the residents have the needs to learn energy-saving knowledge and are will- ing to make efforts to save energy and improve the environment.On this basis,three suggestions are put for- ward including improving the methods and contents of energy-saving propaganda training and strengthening the energy crisis awareness education and the applied knowledge training,researching and developing energy saving measures in line with the situations,and promoting new energy-saving products and technologies.