波浪被动补偿装置的模型与实验

Model and experiments of wave passive compensation device

在大型中水层拖网渔船拖曳系统的工作过程中,渔船受海洋环境的影响,会产生显著的升沉运动。本文针对渔船升降降低捕鱼效率的问题,采用一种波浪被动补偿装置的方法,研究了该装置的数学模型并进行仿真分析,设计试验过程,分析试验数据,并与理论分析结果对比发现:钢丝绳的涨紧力和蓄能器的压强跟随油缸位移呈周期变化,油缸的位移与钢丝绳涨紧力、蓄能器压强的变化相反;钢丝绳涨紧力的变化幅度大于蓄能器压强的变化幅度,但位移变化幅度小于50 mm时,涨紧力(<5 N)和压强(<6 Pa)保持稳定;受惯性力的作用,涨紧力变化速度呈现阶段性变化。通过仿真分析可知:蓄能器在平衡位置时的充气压强越大,涨紧力与压强越大;蓄能器的面积越大,涨紧力与压强越小。

In the work process of the towing system of a large medium-water trawler, fishing boats are influenced by the marine environment and can generate significant movement. To address the reduced fishing efficiency caused by the moving ship, this study used a new wave passive compensation device, studied the mathematical model of the device, and conducted a simulative analysis. The test process was designed, and the test data were analyzed. A comparison with the- oretical analysis results shows that the tension of wire rope and the pressure intensity of the energy accumulator change cyclically follow the displacement of the oil cylinder, and the displacement of the oil cylinder changes in reverse follow- ing the change in rope tension and the pressure intensity of the accumulator. Moreover, the change amplitude of the tension of wire rope is greater than that of the pressure intensity of the accumulator. However, when the change amplitude of displacement is less than 50 mm, the tension （ 〈5 N） and the pressure intensity （ 〈6 Pa） remain stable; the speed of tension changes in stages as a result of inertia force. Simulation analysis shows that a great charging pressure intensity of the energy accumulator at the equilibrium position corresponds to great tension and pressure intensity, and a large area of the energy accumulator corresponds to small tension and pressure intensity.