脱细胞真皮基质在牙种植中的研究和应用进展

Advances in research and application of acellular dermal matrix in dental implants

脱细胞真皮基质(acellular dermal matrix,ADM)是由同种或异种皮经特殊处理后制备的一种新型真皮移植材料,其最早应用在烧伤科的临床实践上。随着基础和临床研究的深入,发现ADM具备低抗原性、易成活、良好的生物相容性、易于周围上皮爬行、能够与基底组织和黏膜较好地结合、良好的屏障膜功能等生物学特性,其临床适应证不断扩展,使其在其他临床学科中的应用逐步展开。该文就种植体植入前、植入中、植入后ADM应用展望作一综述,同时简单介绍ADM的制备和生物学特性。

Acellular dermal matrix（ ADM） is a new type of dermal draft materials prepared from homogeneity or heterogeneity skin after special treatment. The first application of ADM was in the clinical practice in department of burn. With the deepening of basic and clinical research of ADM,it is widely applied in other clinical specialties due to its biological characters of low antigenicity,easiness to survive,good biological compatibility,easiness to crawl around the epithelium,combining well with the basal tissue and mucous membrane,good barrier membrane function. This summary emphasizes the research and application progress of ADM in dental implantation.It will summarize the application progress of ADM in three periods which are before implantation,during implant implantation and after implantation,and introduce the prospects and biological characters of ADM.