所得税优惠对高新技术企业R&D的影响——以福建省上市高新技术企业为分析对象

The Effect of Enterprise Income Tax Preferences on R&D of Hi-tech Companies:an Analysis on Fujian's Listed Hi-tech Companies

用面板数据模型分析福建省上市高新技术企业2010—2015年的年度数据,以研究所得税优惠对企业R&D的影响,发现所得税优惠总体上对企业研发投入强度的促进作用较小,对劳动力密集型企业和国有及国有控股企业的研发强度有一定的消极作用,对企业申请的专利数无影响。所得税优惠对R&D的激励效果与企业年龄负相关。为了增强优惠政策效果,需要严格高新技术企业的认定和管理,协调好具有重叠效果的激励政策,激励方案要考虑企业的主要投入要素、所有制性质以及存续年限等差异。

Panel data models were used to analyze the data from 2010 to 2015 of listed hi-tech companies located in Fujian Province to find out the effect of enterprise income tax preferences on hi-tech companies＇ R＆D. The empirical evidences showed that income tax preferences had very limited promotional effects on R＆D intensity when all the companies were considered as a whole; income tax preferences even had some negative effect on R＆D intensity of labor intensive companies and state owned and state holding corporations. There was no indication that patents had been inspired by income tax preferences. The incentive effect of income tax preference was negative correlated with the age of company. To stimulate Hi-tech enterprises＇ R＆D more effectively, the government should strictly hold the standard and procedure of determining a company to be a Hi-tech enterprise and strictly manage Hi-tech enterprises, coordinate incentives policies tools with overlapping effects. The R＆D incentive schemes should distinguish companies with different main input factors, different ownership and age.