我国沿海城市极端天气洪涝灾害的防灾对策调查与思考

Study on Flood Disaster Prevention Strategies of Extreme Weather in Coastal Cities in China

受全球气候变化影响,我国沿海城市的极端天气洪涝灾害威胁日益增长。文章从极端天气的致灾原理和分布特征两方面,分析我国沿海城市极端天气洪涝灾害的特征,并分析我国当前沿海城市在防灾水利设施、城市基础设施和非工程性措施三方面的防灾对策。认为当前沿海城市在防灾水利设施和城市排水管网等直接性的防灾设施建设方面日渐完善,今后应关注从城市生态基础设施和非工程性措施方面提升沿海城市的灾害应对能力。

Influenced by the global climate change, disastrous weather occurred frequently and greatly threatened the coastal cities in China. This study analysis the features of extreme weather flood disaster from the disaster reason and distribution of extreme weather condition. And it investigates the current disaster prevention strategies in China, including water conservancy facilities, urban infrastructure and non-engineering countermeasures. It states that the direct disaster prevention strategies, like water conservancy facilities and urban drainage network, have become perfection, while to improve the disaster prevention capacity, more efforts still need to do in urban ecological infrastructure and non-engineering countermeasures areas.