2015年江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒调查

Survey on the drinking water-borne fluorosis in Jiangsu province in 2015

目的了解江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区氟中毒的现状。方法于2015年,选择江苏省徐州、连云港、宿迁、淮安、射阳五个市的26个氟中毒病区县的全部病区村,调查改水工程运行情况并检测水氟浓度,采用Dean法进行8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检查。结果共调查病区村2 090个,检查8~12岁儿童149 034人,氟斑牙检出率28.33%,氟斑牙指数0.52。各地区儿童氟斑牙检出率依次为徐州>连云港>盐城>宿迁>淮安,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 648.173,P<0.05);徐州呈轻微流行,连云港呈边缘流行,淮安、宿迁、盐城呈阴性。1981—2000年改水村儿童氟斑牙的检出率低于2001—2015年,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=606.953,P<0.05)。改水且正常使用、改水但不正常使用、未改水病区村氟斑牙检出率分别为27.04%、41.59%、37.98%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=83.412,P<0.05)。随着水氟浓度的升高,儿童氟斑牙的检出率呈升高趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=894.696,P<0.05)。男童、女童的氟斑牙检出率分别为28.47%和28.16%,两者间差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.084,P>0.05)。不同年龄儿童氟斑牙的检出率间比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=161.356,P<0.05);且以9岁组(30.33%)最高,以12岁组(26.17%)最低。结论 2015年江苏省饮水型氟中毒病情得到一定控制。

Objective To understand the current situation of drinking water-borne fluorosis in Jiangsu province. Methods All the ward villages from the 26 fluorosis illness counties in Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Suqian, Huaian, Yancheng were selected as the survey sites in 2015. The change of water engineering operation was surveyed and the value of water fluoride was tested.The dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 were checked according to the method of Dean. Results A total of 2 090 ward villages were surveyed, 149 034 children aged 8 to 12 were checked,detection rate of dental fluorosis was 28.33% ,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.52. The detection rate of children＇s dental fluorosis in different areas from high to low were Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Yancheng, Suqian, Huaian, the difference was statistically significant （x2=1 648.173 ,P〈0.05）; Xuzhou was slight popular, Lianyungang was edge popular, Huaian , Suqian and Yancheng were negative. The detection rate of dental fluorosis in the water-improvment villages in 1981-1990 was lower than in 2001-2015 ,the difference was statistically significant （X2= 606.953,P〈0.05）. The detection rate of dental fluorosis were 27.04% ,41.59% and 28.33% respectively in the villages, which water has been improved and normal use,which water has been improved but unnormal use , which water has not been improved,the difference was statistically significant （X2=83.412 ,P〈0.05）. The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children showed a trend of increasing by the increase of water fluoride concentration, the difference was statistically significant （X2= 894.696,P〈0.05）. The detection rate of dental fluorosis were 28.47%, 28.16% respectively for boys and girls,there was no statistical significance at different gender （X2=18.299,P〈O.05）. The detection rates of dental fluorosis were 27.26%, 30.33%, 29.41%, 27.94%, 26.17% for children 8 to 12 years old, the difference was statistically significant at different age （X2=173.816, P〈0.05）. And the group of nine years old （30.33%） was the highest, the group of 12 years old （26.17%） was minimum. Conclusion Drinking water-borne fluorosis in Jiangsu province has been controlled partly in 2015.