基于霍尔效应的新型差动式角位移传感器

A Novel Differential Angular Displacement Sensor Based on Hall Effect

设计了一种基于霍尔效应的差动式角位移传感器。传感器主要包括转盘、半圆形弧状磁钢、上磁轭、霍尔元件和下磁轭5部分,其中弧状磁钢固定在转盘上,产生的磁通经过上、下磁轭后分别穿过两个霍尔元件。当转盘产生角位移时,经过磁轭的两部分磁通变化,对应的两个霍尔元件经过差动连接后,输出与该角位移成正比的霍尔电势。根据磁路的欧姆定律和霍尔效应,对传感器的静态特性进行了理论推导;最后制作了传感器样机,通过实际的特性测定验证了该工作原理的正确性,且实验结果表明传感器的灵敏度约为52.5 m V/(°),线性误差约为0.53%。

A new angular displacement sensor based on Hall effect was designed. The sensor includes turntable, semi- circular arc magnet, upper magnetic yoke, Hall elements and lower magnetic yoke, and the semicircular arc magnet were fixed on the turntable, the magnetic flux generated by semicircular arc magnet go through upper magnetic yoke, lower mag- netic yoke and two Hall sensors. When angular displacement was happened on the turntable, the two parts magnetic flux produced by arc magnet were changed, then two Hall elements which were connected differentially could output voltage which was proportional to angular displacement. According to the Ohm＇ s law of magnetic circuit and the Hall effect, the static characteristic of the sensor was deduced ; the sensor prototype was fabricated finally, and the correctness of the working principle was verified by the actual characteristic measurement, and the results show that the sensitivity of sensor is about 52.5 mV/（°） ,the linear error is about 0. 53%.