精确尺寸巯基保护贵金属纳米团簇的合成进展

Progress in synthesis of thiolated metal nanoclusters with precise size

金属纳米团簇作为凝聚态物质的初始形态之一,在金属原子/分子化合物向金属纳米颗粒形成的过程中起着桥梁作用.因其具有量子局限效应,团簇往往表现出特异的光学、催化等性质.近几十年来的研究发现,单个原子的改变会对团簇的几何结构以及电子结构产生显著的影响.同时,精确的结构可以有效地建立结构与性质之间的关系.因此,合成具有精确结构的纳米团簇在近年来受到广泛关注.笔者对巯基保护精确结构金属纳米团簇合成方法的建立以及发展进行了综述.

Metal nanoclusters, which are one of the initial forms of condensed matter, play a key role in bridging the formation from metal atoms （molecules） to metal nanoparticles. Due to the quantum confinement effect, nanoclusters often show specific properties like optics and catalysis. Studies in recent decades have found that the single-atom alternation can result in a significant change on the geometrical structure as well as the electronic structure of nanoclusters. At the same time, the precise structure of nanoclusters can dfectively establish the relationship between structure and property. Therefore, the synthesis of nanoclusters with precise structure has been widely concerned in recent years. In this paper, the establishment and development of the methods for the synthesis of thiolate-protected metal nanoclusters with precise structure are reviewed.