金属纳米团簇在电化学领域的应用研究进展

Recent advances of metal nanoclusters in the electrochemical applications

尺寸小于2nm的金属纳米团簇是由几个到几百个原子组成的纳米结构材料.对于金属纳米团簇,由于其大部分甚至所有金属原子可能暴露于表面而具有高的表面原子比例,该独特的原子堆积结构使其具有高的表面活性,因此其在催化反应中具有重要应用价值.同时,其明确的原子排列和堆积结构使其可作为模型催化剂,用于研究纳米结构-性能之间的关系.笔者简要总结了近年来金属纳米团簇的研究进展和现状,重点总结了其在电化学领域的应用,包括电催化和电化学传感,最后对其未来在电催化和电分析领域的应用前景进行了展望.

Metal nanoclusters with core size less than 2 nm are a kind of nanostructured materials consisting of several to a few hundred of atoms. For metal nanoclusters, due to the high surface-to-volume ratio resulting from the exposure of most of or even all metal atoms, they usually show excellent catalytic activities and therefore have promising applications in catalysis fields. Meanwhile, because of the clear atomic arrangement structure, metal nanoclusters can be used as model catalysts to study the relationship between structure and property of nanostrueture. In this review article, the authors highlight the development of metal nanoclusters in recent years and mainly focus on their applications in electrochemical fields including the electrocatalysis and electrochemical sensors. Finally, the authors give an outlook on the application of metal nanoclusters in electrocatalysis and electroanalysis.