“国都记忆”与晚明南京的地方叙事——兼论明清时期的国家与城市关系

“Capital Memory”and Local Narrative of Nanjing in Late Ming Dynasty: City-State Relationship in Ming and Qing Period

晚明南京城市繁荣,商业发达,是一个以消费性、娱乐性著称的城市。以往研究多认为,这一变化既是16世纪江南社会经济变迁的结果,也与南京政治地位的衰落相关。这种将"国家"与"地方"对立的研究范式,仍未能摆脱西方城市发展史观的影响。在文字与图像文本中,晚明南京的"地方性叙事"主动融入国家历史的"宏大叙事"中,对城市"政治属性"的关怀并没有消失,反而得到了加强。这反映了时人对国家与城市共生关系的理解。

With lively urban life and thriving commerce,Nanjing in late Ming Dynasty was known as the city of consumption and entertainment. Previous studies tend to relate the urban prosperity in Nanjing with the general social-economic transformation of Jiangnan region during the 16 th century,as well as the decline of political status of this city. Such a paradigm emphasizing on the conflict between local society and the state is nevertheless based on the historical experience of Western urban development. Through close readings of both literary and pictorial texts,the "local narrative"of late Ming Nanjing was melted into the "grand narrative"of the state history,the care of the "political property"of the city was enhanced instead of disappearance. This reflects the understanding of the symbiotic relationship between the city and the state at that time.