盐土改良肥对草甸盐土的改良效果和对甜菜经济效益的影响

Effects of Applying Solonchak-improved Fertilizer to Meadow Solonchaks and Economic Efficiency of Sugar Beet

[目的]研究甘肃省河西走廊盐土改良肥对草甸盐土改良效果和甜菜经济效益的影响,为该区甜菜产业可持续发展提供技术支撑。[方法]选择甘肃省酒泉市肃州区铧尖乡草甸盐土,采用田间试验方法开展研究。[结果]影响甜菜产量的原料依次是:盐土调控剂>甜菜专用肥>有机碳肥。盐土改良肥配方组合为:甜菜专用肥0.0586:盐土调控剂0.0623:有机碳肥0.8791。盐土改良肥施用量与草甸盐土孔隙度、团聚体、持水量、有机质、速效氮磷钾、甜菜农艺性状、经济性状和产量之间呈显著的正相关关系,与容重、pH值、全盐含量之间呈显著的负相关关系。经回归统计分析,盐土改良肥经济效益最佳施用量为39.64t/hm2,甜菜块根理论产量为96.68t/hm2。施用盐土改良肥与传统的抗盐丰盐碱土改良剂和沃丰隆盐碱土改良剂比较,施肥利润分别增加414.48,946.10%元/hm2。[结论]施用盐土改良肥,可以改善草甸盐土理化性质,提高酶活性和甜菜产量。

[Objective]The effects of solonchak-improved fertilizer on meadow solonchak and economic benefit of sugar beet was researched by applying it in Hexi corridor of Gansu Province,in order to provide technical support for the sustainable development of beet industry in this area.[Methods]The study was conducted on the meadow solonchak in Huajian Town,Suzhou District,Jiuquan City,Gansu Province through field experiment.[Results]The order of raw materials impacting sugar beet yield were solonchak agent,special fertilizer of sugar beet,organic carbon fertilizer.The formula components of solonchak amendment fertilizer were as following,the special fertilizer of sugar beet was 0.0586,solonchak agent was 0.0623,organic carbon fertilizer was 0.8791.The amount of solonchak-improved fertilizer was positively correlated with indices of porosity,aggregate,water holding,organic matter,available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,sugar beet agronomic trait,economic trait and yield;and was negatively related with soil bulk density,pH value and total salt content.Statistical regression showed that the optimum application amount for economic benefit was 39.64 t/hm2,at that application level,yield of sugar beet roots would be 96.68 t/hm2.The benefits from solonchak-improved fertilizer got 414.48,946.10 yuan/hm2 increases as compared with the benefits from two traditional ameliorants named Kangyanfeng and Wofenglong.[Conclusion]The applicationof solonchak-improved fertilizer can improve the physical and chemical properties of the meadow solonchaks and increase the soil enzyme activity and the yield of beet.