“永王李璘事件”发微--关于“玄肃之争”学说的再检视

Analysis on “Duke Yong Lilin Event”——An Examination on the Contest for Leadership between Emperor Xuanzong and Suzong

脱胎于天宝十四载的《幸普安郡制》,其颁布的初衷并非是玄宗分割太子亨的权力,而是通过分镇诸王来拱卫皇权,从而抵御叛军、匡扶社稷。永王东进的原因也没有前贤考虑的那么错综,只是由于阿史那承庆攻陷颍川郡,江陵腹地全然暴露在叛军的兵锋之下,永王被迫另寻栖身之所。永王政治悲剧的形成是因为玄、肃宗与永王对于"东进"一事理解上的错位。肃宗在灵武继位之前,根本不可能对玄宗的权位构成威胁。而当其御宇之后,玄宗也不能再将其势力复归。玄、肃之争,起于肃宗继位灵武,也终于灵武。故而,一个看似高屋建瓴、论证详实的皇权之争。实际上,完全是当代学者在后见之明视阈驱动之下的学理建构。

Enacted in 775 （ the 14th-year reign of the Emperor Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty）, the statute of ＂The Grace System in County Pu＇an＂ was aiming for consolidating the imperial power by distributing to dukes, thus resisting the attack By the rebels and saving the state at the very beginning, instead of the separation of the power of Prince Liheng. Plain and simple, the reason why Duke Yong headed east was that the county Yingchuan was taken by Ashan Chengqing, and King Yong was left no choice but to find a shelter given that the whole Kangnung area was exposed to the cutting edge of the enemy＇s sword. This political tragedy was the outcome of the different comprehension as to ＂heading east＂ between Emperor Xuanzong, Suzong and Duke Yong. On the one hand, never did Suzong serve as a threat to Xuanzong before the former＇s accession to the throne in Lingwu, and on the other hand, that Suzong took up the baton from his father Xuanzong meant that the latter lost his power for good. Therefore, it is crystal clear that the struggle for imperial power of which historians have already got the bottom and kept a lucid reasoning is nothing but a theoretical construct proposed by modern scholars in hindsight.