近4年广西某医院儿童烧伤流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of pediatric burn in recent four years

目的:分析近4年本院烧伤儿童流行病学数据,为降低儿童烧伤率提供临床依据。方法:收集2013年3月至2017年2月0~14岁儿童烧伤资料,对年龄、性别、致伤原因、城乡分布、严重程度、转归情况等进行统计分析。结果:共收治1 158例患儿。男女患儿比例为1.56:1,年龄<3岁396例(34.20%),3~<7岁631例(54.49%),7~14岁131例(11.31%);不同年龄段烧伤儿童男女烧伤率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年份、地区和严重程度的烧伤儿童男女烧伤率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各年龄段致伤原因构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);春季292例(25.22%),夏季265例(22.88%),秋季275例(23.75%),冬季326例(28.15%),不同季节烧伤儿童男女烧伤率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);烧伤儿童转归情况:治愈753例(65.03%),好转395例(34.11%),其他7例(0.60%),死亡3例(0.26%);患儿住院天数为7(5,13)d;住院天数的回归系数为0.818,是影响直接住院费用最大的独立变量。结论:烧伤儿童主要为3~7岁儿童,男患儿居多,冬季为高发季节,热液烫伤为主要致伤原因,应加强烧伤预防知识的宣教。缩短住院时间是减少直接住院费用的关键。

Objective： To analyze the epidemiological data of burned children in our hospital between 2003-2012, and to provide clinical basis for reducing the incidence of paediatric bums. Methods： Medical histories of 0-14 years old burned children who admitted in our hospital from March 2013 to February 2017 were summarized. The basic information included the age, sexy, burn etiology, burn extent, prognosis, etc. Results： A total of 1,844 children were enrolled（boys：girls 1.56：1 ）. There were 396 cases（34. 20%）aged 0-2 years, 631 cases （54. 49% ） aged 3-6 years, 131 cases （ 11.31% ） aged 7-14 years. A significantly higher burns rate of each age group was noted for boys when compared with girls （P〈0. 05 ）, but no statistical difference between boys and girls in different years, regions and the severity of the bums （P〉 0. 05）. Bum etiology was correlated to the age（P〈0.05）. The incidence of bums was 25.22% in spring, 22.88% in summer, 23.75% in autumn, and 28.15% in winter. There was significant difference in the incidence of burns between boys and girls in different seasons（P〈 0.05）. After treatment, 753 children（65.03%）were cured, 395 children（34. 1 1%）improved, and 3（0. 26%）children died. The hospital days were 7 （5, 13 ） with a regression coefficient of 0. 818. It was the main factor influencing the hospitalized expense. Conclusion： Most burned children aged 3 to 7, and mainly boy. The incidence of bums was high in winter. Scalding was the main cause of paediatric bums, and bum prevention knowledge teaching should be strengthened. Shorting hospital days was a key way to reduce the hospitalized expense.