东洞庭湖湿地优势鹬类物种栖息地适宜性研究

Habitat Suitability for Dominant Species of Shorebirds in East Dongting Lake

鸻鹬类涉禽是目前比较珍稀的一类迁徙鸟类。预测迁徙鸟类的栖息地适宜性与其他物种不完全相同,人类影响、土地类型等因素在其中起到主导作用。本文利用Maxent模型,结合2006~2013年东洞庭湖区鸟类调查数据和环境影响因子,对东洞庭湖区3种优势种鸻鹬类涉禽的栖息地适宜性进行分析。结果表明:环境因子的选择在栖息地适宜性模型建立过程中至关重要,对于东洞庭湖的候鸟来说,土地利用是影响其栖息地质量的重要环境因子;模型的评价效果优秀;2006~2009年东洞庭湖区适宜性区域约占总面积的25%,2010~2013年适宜性区域占17%,主要分布在丁字堤和春风湖一带。

Some shorebirds are rare migratory birds. Some variables like human influence and land use type play a key role in predicting habitat suitability of migratory birds. We used Maxent modeling,coupled with bird survey records from 2006 to 2013 and environmental variables related to shorebirds to analyze habitat suitability of three dominant species of shorebirds in East Dongting Lake. The results showed that environmental variables played a key role in building Maxent modeling,and land use type was the most important factor influencing habitat quality for shorebirds.Maxent modeling had excellent evaluation effectiveness. Highly suitable area accounted for 25% of East Dongting Lake area during 2006 to 2009,and 17% during 2010 to 2013,and was mainly distributed in Dingzidi and Chunfenghu.