笼养蓝冠噪鹛的食性研究

Feeding Habits of Captive Blue-Crowned Laughingthrush( Garrulax courtoisi)

为了解蓝冠噪鹛不同时期的食物选择,于2015年1~12月在南昌动物园对笼养的8只蓝冠噪鹛进行实验,选取6种食物:水果、颗粒料、熟鸡蛋、面包虫、大麦虫和玉米虫喂养蓝冠噪鹛。结果表明:蓝冠噪鹛全年食性以荤食为主,平均取食量为(1 987.7±129.1)g/月,素食为辅,平均取食(1 503.2±163.4)g/月,两者差异显著(F=5.413,df=23,P=0.03);荤食中,面包虫月平均被食量最大,为(1 232.7±65.8)g/月,其次为蛋,(504.1±45.6)g/月;素食中,颗粒料月平均被食量最大,为(923.9±154.8)g/月,其次为水果,(579.4±141.2)g/月。不同月份蓝冠噪鹛的食性有所变化,其中1~9月以荤食为主,10月荤素食量相近,11~12月以素食为主。1~4月主要食物是面包虫,其次为颗粒料;5~9月主要食物是面包虫,其次为水果;10~12月主要食物是颗粒料,其次为面包虫。在7~9月育雏(幼)期,蓝冠噪鹛食物总量相对其他时期较高,但9月略低于10月,说明蓝冠噪鹛的食物选择及进食量在不同季节及不同繁殖状态下有所不同,这与其能量需求变化有关。

We studied the food habits of eight captive blue-crowned laughingthrush（ Garrulax courtoisi） at Nanchang Zoo from January to December 2015. We fed the birds six types of food（ fruit,pellet,cooked egg,yellow mealworm,superworm and cornbug）,and weighed the food eaten each day. Animal food was eaten significantly more than vegetable food over the whole year（ F =5. 413,df =23,P =0. 03）. Mean food weights were（ 1 987. 7 ± 129. 1） g/month for vegetable food and（ 1 503. 2 ± 163. 4） g/month for animal food. Of animal foods,yellow mealworm was eaten most,averaging（ 1 232. 7 ± 65. 8） g/month,followed by egg at（ 504. 1 ± 45. 6） g/month. Of vegetable foods,pellet was eaten most at（ 923. 9 ± 154. 8） g/month,followed by fruit at（ 579. 4 ± 141. 2） g/month. Feeding habits differed seasonally. The main food was animal food from January to September and vegetable food from November to December. Animal and vegetable foods were eaten in similar proportions in October. The main food from January to April was yellow mealworms, followed by pellet. From May to September the main food was yellow mealworms,followed by fruits. From October to December the main food was pellet followed by yellow mealworms. In the brooding period（ July to September）, the monthly total food weight was higher than during other months except September was lower than October. In conclusion,food choices and food amounts differed by year and breeding stage according to the variation in energy demands.