论民法总则制定后环境权在民法典中的建构——从作为请求权的新型基础权利出发

On the Construction of Environmental Right in Civil Code after the Establishment of General Principles of Civil Law——From the Perspective of Newly Fundmental Rights as Anspruchsgrundlage

传统民法权利体系虽对环境权进行了部分吸纳,但二者却并不完全兼容,实质上更多地对环境权表现出排斥的情况,故将环境权在民法典中进行明确显得尤为必要。正确厘清民法上环境权是解决环境权融入民法典的关键,鉴于请求权在民法权利体系中居于枢纽的地位,应紧密结合环境权中的私法要素,以环境权作为民法上请求权的基础权利,对环境权请求权体系,即在民法典中明确环境权的内容、环境权作为基础权利的请求权内容、侵权损害赔偿请求权以及恢复原状、环境修复请求权等方面进行合理构建,力求让环境权合乎逻辑、恰如其分地融入到民法典中。

Environmental rights were partly adopted in the traditional civil fight system. However, these two things cannot be compatible, actually in most cases the environmental rights were intolerated, so it is particularly necessary to make environmental rights clear in the civil code. It is important to clarify the environmental rights in civil fight system, which is key to make the environmental rights integrate into Civil Code. In view of that Anspruehsgrundlage is the maincenter in civil fight system, private law elements of the environmental rights should be considered jointly in order that environmental rights could be regarded as the fundmental rights of civil right system and to establish the system of environmental Anspruchsgrundlage the contentS of environmental rights in the Civil Code, the contents of environmental Anspruchsgrundlage as the fundmental rights, the claim rights of the compensation because of infringement, repristination and environmental modification. The environmental rights could be striven to fit the logic and integrate into Civil Code properly.