高频超声对成人喉部结构显示情况的研究

High frequency ultrasound on adult laryngeal imaging

目的探讨高频超声对成年人不同性别及年龄段喉部正常解剖结构的显示情况。方法使用高频超声对307例(男性144例、女性163例)健康成年人进行喉部检查,记录甲状软骨、环甲膜、会厌软骨、会厌前间隙、声门旁间隙、声带、室带、杓状软骨、杓肌、梨状隐窝的显示情况。结果高频超声在不同性别及年龄组间甲状软骨、会厌软骨、环状软骨、环甲膜、会厌前间隙显示率近100%,差异均无统计学意义。杓状软骨、声门旁间隙、声带、室带、杓肌、梨状隐窝的显示率在不同性别间及在不同年龄组间差异均有统计学意义。同年龄组女性的声门旁间隙、声带、室带、杓肌显示率均明显高于男性。结论高频超声对成人喉部结构有较高的显示率,有望成为喉部疾病的常规检查方法。

Objective To discuss the detection rate of adult normal laryngeal anatomic structure of different ages using high frequency ultrasound, in order to provide clinical application feasibility data supporting for further research. Methods A total of 307 healthy adults （male 144 and female 163） were included. The thyroid cartilage, crieothyroid membrane, epiglottic cartilage, preepiglottic space, paraglottic space, ventricular fold, vocal cord, arytenoids muscle, arytenoid cartilage and piriform recess were all showed clearly using high frequency ultrasound. Results The display rates of thyroid cartilage epiglottis cartilage, cricoid cartilage and cricothyroid membrane among different gender and age groups were high with no statistical differences. The display rates of arytenoid, paraglottic space, ventricular fold, vocal cord, arytenoids muscle and piriform recess showed statistically difference among different sexes and different age groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The display rates of paraglottic space, ventricular fold, vocal cord, arytenoids muscle in women were higher than those in men in similar cohorts. Conclusions The high-frequency ultrasound is a comprehensive, safe, convenient and non-invasive imaging examination method. It can provide the required information for clinic.