超大工程量清单项目风险管理的探究

Exploration of project risk management of oversize BOQ

随着特大型、超大型工程的不断涌现,超大工程量清单项目也随之诞生。这一类清单项目的工程量远超一般项目的工程量,由于其工程量的巨大,所带来的风险也是巨大的,将有可能引发巨大的损失。对此类项目的风险管理变得尤为重要。本文以某一大型土石方工程为例,通过对其中的一个超大工程量清单项目的项目特征、计量单位、计量方法的的梳理、分析,使其隐含的巨大风险表露无遗。进而通过对土、质量等的基本理论概念的梳理、分析,摒弃已有习惯性思维,尝试建立新的认知,并通过试验检验其合理性,再总结出相对可行的认知后,以此作为对该项清单项目进行风险管理的依据。最终得出摒弃习惯性思维,以基础理论为根本,建立新的认知,并通过试验检验,对此类特殊清单项目有一个新的认知,并以此作为基本思路进而指导对此类工程量清单项目的风险管理。

The projects of oversize BOQ is generated with the emergence of super-large and mega projects. The engineering quanti- ty of the inventory projects is far higher than that of general projects. The risks are huge due to huge engineering quantity, and it is prone to huge loss. It is very important to manage the risk of such projects. In the paper, one large earthwork project is adopted as an example. The hidden huge risks are exposed through sorting and analyzing project characteristics, metering unit and metering meth- ods of the super-large BOQ project. In addition, existing habitual thinking is abandoned, and new recognition is established through sorting and analyzing basic theory and concept, such as oil, quality, etc. Its rationality is verified through tests. Relatively feasible rec- ognition is summarized. Then, it is regarded as the basis for risk management of the inventory project. It is finally concluded that habit- ual thinking is abandoned, basic theory is regarded as the foundation for establishing new recognition, and the special inventory proj- ects are newly recognized through test and verification. It is regarded as the basic thinking for guiding risk management of the BOQ projects.