内部地理位置与国别出口强度:基于广义线性模型的微观企业研究

Internal Geography and Export Intensity of Destination:Firms Level Study based on Generalized Linear Model

文章探讨企业的国内地理位置对出口到不同目的国出口强度的影响,利用广义线性模型(GLM)研究企业空间布局对其产品出口到邻近国家和遥远国家影响的差异性。研究发现:企业与海港之间的距离对出口到遥远国家的出口强度具有显著正向影响,但是对出口到邻近国家无显著影响。企业与城市中心的距离对企业出口到邻近和遥远国家的出口强度具有显著负向影响。目的国的收入高低对企业出口到邻近和遥远国家的出口强度具有显著影响,但方向相反。目的国所在地区产生的区域效应对中国企业的出口强度影响不同,亚洲和非洲对中国企业出口强度影响显著为正;但是,欧洲、北美洲和大洋洲对中国企业出口强度影响显著为负。纯出口企业对内部地理的依赖性更强,且更有可能布局在距离港口较近的地区。

This paper investigates the effect of internal geography on the export intensity to different destinations. The paper uses Generalized Linear Model( GLM) to research the impact differences of spatial distribution on exporting to remote countries and neighboring countries. It finds that: distance between a firm and port is positive and statistically significant to the export intensity for remote countries. Distance between a firm and city center is negative and statistically significant to the export intensity for both remote countries and neighboring countries. Income level of destinations is statistically significant for both remote and neighboring countries,but they have different signs. Regional effects of destinations are different for China's exporters. The regional effects of Asia and Africa are statistically significant and positive on China' s export intensity. However,regional effects of Europe,North America and Oceania are negative and statistically significant. Pure exporters have much stronger reliance on the internal geography and they might locate near the ports.