西安出土两尊北周汉白玉观世音像无损分析

Non-destructive Analysis and Related Issues of the White Marble Bodhisattva Statues Dating to the Northern Zhou Stored at Xi'an Museum

本文采用便携式X荧光光谱分析仪和激光拉曼光谱仪对西安汉城乡西查村出土两尊北周汉白玉观世音立像彩绘进行无损检测分析。结果表明,红色颜料为朱砂,绿色颜料为石绿,彩绘层和金层下均以含Pb显色颜料做打底层;金层并非鎏金和含HgS金胶的贴金工艺而制成;立像汉白玉本体为方解石大理岩,与北京、曲阳的汉白玉成分不同,可能为本地画师和工匠制作而成。本研究结果为探讨长安北周白石造像的制作工艺和产地来源等相关问题提供参考。

This paper introduces the analytical results of two Northern Zhou white marble Bodhisattva statues from the Xicha village, Xi＇an, employing portable XRF and Raman spectrometer. The results show that the red pigment was made of cinnabar; the green pigment was made of malachite; the color-painting and golden layer was painted on top of a Pb layer to enrich the colorful effect. Also, the golden layer was not gilded but made of HgS glue. The statues were made of calcium white marble and chemically different from the white marble from Beijing and Quyang. Therefore, the authors argue that the two statues were made by local specialists using local sources. This paper provides new evidence for further questions such as the manufacturing techniques and source provenance of Northern Zhou white marble Bodhisattva statues from Chang＇an.