民法典物权编土地征收相关条文之立法建议

Legislative Proposals regarding Land Expropriation in Property Rights of the Civil Code

中国大陆地区目前正在草拟民法典物权编,目前的《物权法》中有规定土地征收制度,而衡诸中国台湾地区规定,相关土地征收制度并未规定在"民法"中,而系规定在"土地法"与"土地征收条例"中,并于"土地征收条例"第一条开宗明义指出为规范土地征收,确保土地合理利用,并保障私人财产,增进公共利益,特制定本条例;本条例未规定者,适用其他法律之规定;其他法律有关征收程序、征收补偿标准与本条例抵触者,优先适用本条例。本文借由剖析现行两岸土地征收制度相关规定,思考土地征收制度是否需于民法典物权编中规范,经比较中国台湾地区相关规定后,认为不一定要于民法典物权编中规定土地征收制度,并建议思考订定专法之可行性。

The Chinese mainland is currently drafting property rights of the Civil Code. The current Property Law has provisions of the land expropriation system. Comparing the provisions of Taiwan region, the land expropriation regulation is not listed in the ＂ Civil Code＂, but in the ＂Land Act＂ and the ＂Land Expropriation Act＂. The ＂Land Expropriation Act＂ Article 1 ： This Act is enacted for the purposes of regulating expropriation of land, ensuring reasonable land use, safeguarding private properties and promoting public interest. Land expropriation shall he governed by this Act. Matters not provided in this Act shall be governed by other applicable laws. Where other laws are inconsistent with this Act with regard to expropriation procedures and expropriation compensation standards, this Act shall prevail. By analyzing the relevant provisions of the existing land expropriation system of the cross-strait, it is necessary to think about whether the land expropriation system needs to be stipulated in the Civil Code. After comparing the relevant provisions of Taiwan region, it is not necessary to stipulate the land expropriation system in the Civil Code. This article suggests that the oossibilitv of enacting a special regulation should be considered.