城市低保支付水平的影响因素

Influencing factors of urban basic low allowance level

基于31个省份的面板数据,分析了地方政府在低保支付决策中能否践行与收入增长相挂钩的"科学性原则",还是仅遵循与财政能力相关的"现实性原则"。结果显示:地方财政预算约束与中央财政投入对城市低保支付水平均具有显著影响;人均可支配收入对城市低保标准尽管也产生了独立的正向影响,但城市低保标准上升速度显著慢于人均收入增速。基于此,认为在加大中央低保转移支付力度的同时,应推动低保标准制定权向中央政府层面回收与集中,以确保城市低保支付水平得到实质性提升。

On the basis of 31 provincial panel data, this essay explores whether local government＇ s payment for basic liv- ing allowance is guided by ＂scientific principle＂ that is related to the per capita income or by ＂realistic principle＂ that related to the financial capability. The results show that both local fi- nancial budget constraint and the central transfer payment influ- ence the payment level of basic living allowance. Though per ca- pita income has significant positive influence on the payment lev- el of basic living allowance, the growth rate of basic living allow- ance level is significantly slower than growth rate of per capita income. Increasing central government＇ s responsibility for both the transfer payment and the level defining of basic living allow- ance are essential ways to ensure the improvement of the pay- ment level of basic living allowance.