国内外长输油气管道失效对比

Comparison on failures of long-distance oil & gas pipelines at home and abroad

全球油气长输管道正向着更大口径、更高钢级、更高压力方向发展,一旦发生失效事故将会导致重大经济损失、人员伤亡及环境污染。通过对美国、欧洲以及中国石油油气长输管道失效数据的收集、整理、统计,采用国际通用的曝露值及5年移动平均失效率计算方法,计算国际管道管理较为成熟的美国、欧洲失效频率,并与中国石油管道失效频率进行对比,以提高中国管道安全管理水平。对比分析国内外长输管道失效原因,寻求中国油气管道关键安全技术与管理对策,不断优化中国管道管理体系,对中国管道企业乃至整个油气管道行业调整风险减缓措施和提高安全管理水平都有重要意义。

Global long-distance oil ＆ gas pipelines are developing to the target of larger diameter, higher steel grade and higher pressure, so significant economic losses, casualties and environmental pollution will be resulted in once a pipeline failure happens. In this paper, the failure data of long-distance oil ＆ gas pipelines in the United States, Europe and China were collected, collated and counted. Then, the failure rates of the United States and Europe whose pipeline management is relatively mature were calculated by means of internationally common exposure value and five-year moving average failure rate calculation methods, and compared with the failure rate of China＇s petroleum pipelines to improve China＇s pipeline management level. The reasons for the failures of long-distance pipelines at home and abroad were compared and analyzed. Finally, the key safety technologies and management measures for Chinese oil and gas pipelines were searched to optimize its pipeline management system. It is of great significance to risk reducing measure adjustment and safety management level improvement of Chinese pipeline enterprises and even global pipeline industry.