基于生态位理论的湖南省区域旅游竞合研究

On the Cooperation-Competition Model of Regional Tourism in Hunan Province Based on the Niche Theory

湖南省有着丰富的旅游资源,近年来,旅游业得到了迅速的发展,但由于受到经济发展水平、资源差异等因素影响,湖南省区域内旅游发展水平不平衡。基于生态位理论对湖南省的区域旅游竞合发展进行研究,建立包括资源维、市场维、社会经济维和环境维4个维度的旅游生态位测度体系,选用2006、2010和2014年数据,运用生态位理论计算湖南省14个地市州旅游生态位及其各要素的时空变化,在分析旅游生态位变化的基础上,探讨各地市州旅游生态位变迁。发现随着各种类型旅游资源的开发和社会经济的发展以及对环保的重视,湖南省14个地市州旅游综合生态位差距不断缩小。

There is a wealth of tourism resources in Hunan Province. The tourist industry has been rapidly developed in recent years. However, the level of economic development and differences in resource endow- ments lead to uneven development of tourism development in Hunan Province. This paper takes the niche theory as the theoretical basis to study the development of regional tourism cooperation-competition in Hu- nan Province, and to establish the 4 dimensions of the tourism niche measurement system, which includes tourism resources, market, social economy and environment. Using the niche theory to calculate the spatial and temporal changes of the 14 prefecture level cities in Hunan Province in 2006, 2010 and 2014 data, to investigate the influencing factors of changes in urban tourism niche trend. With the development of social economy, tourism resources and the attention of the environment, tourism niche difference between the 14 cities in Hunan is continuously becoming small.