劝说、书写、倾听:西方文论中的修辞伦理探析

Persuading,Writing and Listening:the Ethics of Rhetoric in Western Literary Theories

从柏拉图、亚里士多德开始,西方修辞通常被认为是劝说的言说艺术。直到解构主义思潮的出现,修辞的劝说目的才被书写的语音非在场消解。但是,修辞的伦理解放带来了观念的不确定性,同时也成为了修辞交流的障碍。布斯提出"倾听修辞"概念,主张在修辞中寻求共同立场,为修辞重新回归对善恶的辨识开辟了新的理论视角。

Rhetoric in the west has been usually considered as the art of persuasion since the time of Plato and Aristotle. Until the emergence of Deconstructivism, the persuasion function of rhetoric was deconstrueted by the non - presence of phonetics in writing. However, the ethnical emancipation of rhetoric brings about the uncertainty of concepts, which also becomes a barrier to rhetorical communication. Wayne Booth proposed the new term ＂Listening Rhetoric＂, advocating seeking for the common ground within rhetoric, which gives a new perspective for the recognition of good and evil.