弱视发病机制相关的研究进展

Recent advances in the study of pathogenesis of amblyopia

弱视是常见的严重损害儿童视力的眼部疾病之一。它是在视觉发育期内由于异常视觉经验引起的单眼或双眼最佳矫正视力下降。弱视发病后,眼部检查无器质性病变。关于弱视的分类,国际上有不同主张,多数学者认同的弱视类型是斜视性弱视、屈光参差性弱视、屈光不正性弱视及形觉剥夺性弱视。弱视的发病机制较为复杂,具体的发病原因尚未完全明确。目前,国际上多以双眼异常的相互作用和形觉剥夺理论为研究基础。近年来,随着科学技术的发展,弱视的发病机制在分子水平、电生理、影像学及光学相干断层扫描等多方面的研究中均取得了显著的进展。弱视发病机制的研究是一项复杂且涉及多种学科和方法的综合性研究。因此,本文中笔者就弱视发病机制方面的研究情况进行综述。

Amblyopia is one of the most common eye diseases that seriously impair the vision of children. During the visual development period,the monocular or binocular eyes have the best corrected visual acuity due to abnormal visual experience,and there is no organic lesion in the ocular examination. At present,classification of amblyopia,have different views on international,classification method is more suitable for clinical and scientific research practice and most scholars accept is divided into amblyopia strabismus amblyopia and anisometropic amblyopia and ametropia amblyopia and deprivation amblyopia. The mechanism of amblyopia is extremely complex,the specific etiology is not clear,the more popular is the two theories of von Noorden according to my research and other laboratory results suggest that the interaction and form deprivation theory of abnormal eyes. With the development of science and technology,the pathogenesis of amblyopia has made remarkable progress in many aspects,such as molecular level,electrophysiology,imaging and optical coherence tomography. The study of the pathogenesis of amblyopia is a complex and comprehensive study involving many subjects and methods. Therefore,the research on the pathogenesis of amblyopia is reviewed in this paper.