老年人口腔状况自我评价与临床检查相关性研究

Association between self-reported oral health and clinical examination outcomes among older adults

目的研究中国东北老年人口腔健康状况自我评价与临床检查指标之间的关系,探讨口腔自评作为治疗需要指标的可行性。方法抽取第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查数据进行统计分析。该调查采用多阶段、分层、等容量的方法对东北三省1084名老年人(65~74岁)进行口腔健康检查和问卷调查。被检查者应用LIKERT三分量表法(好、中、差)分别对自己的口腔健康状况,包括牙齿、牙龈和口腔卫生状况进行评价。临床检查指标:龋病情况,包括开放龋的牙数、缺失的牙数;牙周情况,包括牙龈出血的牙数、牙周袋深度≥4 mm的牙数、附着丧失≥4 mm的牙数。采用多项式logistic回归分析评价口腔临床检查与老年人自我评价之间的关系。结果调整协变量后,口腔中开放龋的牙数、缺失的牙数与口腔健康状况自我评价有关。自评牙龈和口腔卫生状况"好"的老年人,临床检查中牙龈出血的牙数较少。结论口腔状况的自我评价与临床检查的结果显著相关,自我评价是反映口腔健康状况的较好指标,可以作为衡量中国老年人口腔健康状况的筛查指标。

Objective To examine the association between self-reported oral health status and clinical examination out- comes among older adults in three provinces, northeastern region of China. Methods Data were drawn from an epidemi- ological study that included both clinical oral health examinations and survey questions. A total of 1084 participants（age 65-75）were included in the analyses. Self-reported oral health status included the condition of teeth, gum, and oral hy- giene status which was measured separately by a 3-point Likert scale （poor, fair, and good）. Clinical status was measured including the number of decayed teeth （DT）, missing teeth （MT）, bleeding on probing, depth of pocket, and attachment loss. Muhinomial logistic regressions were used to examine the association adjusting for clinical examination outcomes and self-reported oral health status. Results After adjusting for covariates, a higher number of DT and MT were signifi- cantly correlated with poorer self-reported oral health status. Similarly, good gum status and oral hygiene status was asso- ciated with less number of bleeding on probing. Conclusion A significant association was found between self-reported oral health conditions and clinical outcomes from the examination. This study suggests that self-reported measures are good indicators for overall oral health status. It is possible that self-reported measures could be used as a screening mea- sure of oral health status among Chinese older adults.