心理护理联合排痰护理对慢阻肺患者肺功能的影响

Effect of psychological nursing combined with expectoration nursing on pulmonary function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨心理护理联合排痰护理对慢阻肺患者(COPD)肺功能的影响。方法将104例慢性阻塞性肺病患者用双盲法分为2组,对照组行常规护理,观察组在此基础上联合使用心理护理和排痰护理。对比两组焦虑量表(SAS)分值、抑郁量表(SDS)分值、肺功能指标(FVC、FEV1.0%)、血气分析指标,包括脉氧饱和度(SpO_2)、氧合指数(PaO_2)、动脉氧分压(PaCO_2);对比两组住院时间和护理满意率。结果干预后,观察组SAS、SDS分值均明显降低且低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者FVC、FEV1、PaO_2、PaCO_2肺功能及血气指标均明显改善且优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组平均住院时间为(6.82±1.42)d,对照组为(9.71±1.21)d,差异有统计学意义(t=225.77,P<0.001);观察组护理满意率为94.23%(49/52),对照组为80.77%(42/52),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.69,P=0.0056)。结论心理护理联合排痰护理能改善慢性阻塞性肺病患者心理状态和肺功能,促进康复,提高护理满意度,值得推广。

Objective To evaluate the effect of psychological nursing combined with expectoration nursing on lung function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ COPD）.Methods 104 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were divided into two groups by double-blind method. The control group was treated with routine nursing. The observation group was treated with psychological nursing and sputum nursing. SAS and SDS scores,pulmonary function（ FVC,FEV 1. 0%）,blood gas analysis indexes including pulse saturation（ SpO_2）,oxygenation index（ PaO_2） and arterial oxygen partial pressure（ PaCO_2） of the two group were compared. The hospitalization time and nursing satisfaction rate were compared between the two groups.Results The scores of SAS and SDS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（ P〈0.05）. The FVC,FEV1,SpO_2 and PaO_2 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group and PaCO_2 was lower than that in the control group（ P〈0.05）. The average hospitalization time in the observation group（ 6.82±1.42 d） was shorter than that in the control group（ 9. 71 ± 1. 21 d）（ t = 225. 77,P〈0. 001）. The nursing satisfaction rate in observation group was 94. 23%（ 49/52）,it was 80. 77%（ 42/52） in the control group,the difference was statistically significant（ χ^2= 7. 69,P = 0. 0056）. Conclusions Psychological nursing combined with expectoration nursing can improve the psychological status and pulmonary function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,promote rehabilitation and improve nursing satisfaction.