平顶山市井下矿工社会支持的现状及影响因素

Status and influencing factors of social support among underground coal miners in Pingdingshan City

目的调查河南省平顶山市井下煤矿工人的社会支持现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查,应用一般资料调查表与社会支持评定量表对平顶山市某国有煤矿的井下矿工进行问卷调查。结果井下煤矿工人的社会支持总分、主观支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度得分分别为(40.25±5.88)、(23.81±4.75)、(7.16±1.92)和(8.95±2.48)分;多重线性回归分析中,井下矿工的工龄、文化程度、婚姻状态、是否有矽肺病等进入到多元回归方程中(t值分别为1.98、6.67、-4.91和-4.52,均P<0.05),共解释了总变异的35.7%(调整R2=0.357),回归方程有统计学意义。结论井下煤矿工人社会支持水平较低,工龄、文化程度、婚姻状态、是否有矽肺病是井下煤矿工人社会支持的主要影响因素,建议结合相关因素,重视矿工社会支持系统建设,提高井下矿工的社会支持,促进其身心健康。

[Objective ] To investigate the level of social support among underground coal miner in Pingdingshan City, explore the influencing factors. [Methods] By using the cross-sectional survey,the underground coal miners from state-owned coal mine of Pingdingshan City were investigated by the general questionnaire and social support rating scale.[Results] The total score of so- cial support,the score of objective support, subjective support and the utilization of support was （40.25±5.88）, （23.81±4.75）, （7.16±1.92） and （8.95±2.48） respectively. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that years of service, educational level, marital status and silicosis were entered the muhiple regression equation （t=1.98,6.67,-4.91,-4.52, all P〈0.05）, which explained 35.7% of all the variation （Ra=O.357）,and the regression equation was statistic^dly significant.[Conclusion] The level of social support in underground coal miners is not optimistic. Years of service, educational level, marital status and silicosis are important risk factors of social support in coal miners. It is necessary to focus on the construction of social support system for miners and improve their social support and promote their physical and mental health according to the influencing factors.