胰腺癌危险因素的研究进展

Research progresses on risk factors of pancreatic cancer

胰腺癌预后差,病死率高,主要是由于其局部浸润和远端转移导致手术的治愈率较低。通过监测和筛查发现早期癌症对提高胰腺癌患者的生存率非常重要。然而,只有在高危人群中进行筛查才符合成本效益。因此,确定胰腺癌的危险因素尤其重要。胰腺癌的危险因素包括自身因素和环境因素两个方面,自身因素包括年龄、人种、血型、肿瘤家族史和慢性胰腺炎等;环境因素包括吸烟、肥胖、饮食及毒物暴露等。在人群中提供有效的预防策略和在高危人群中开展高效的筛查对胰腺癌的早期发现和预防具有重要意义。

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with verY poor prognosis, due to slim chances of curative resection for its local infiltration and distant metastasis. Surveillance and screening of pancreatic cancer for early detection is important to improve its prognosis. However, pancreatic cancer screening only in high-risk populations can be cost-effective. Therefore, the identification of risk factors for pancreatic cancer should be important. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer comprise of constitutive factors and envi- ronmental factors. Constitutive factors include age, race, blood group, family history of cancer, chronic pancreatitis, and diabetes. Important environmental risk factors include smoking, obesity, dietary factors and toxin exposure. Effective preventive strategies for population and screening for high-risk population would be helpful for the early detection and prevention of pancreatic cancer.