秦皇岛地区乳腺增生症的流行病学调查及危险因素分析

Epidemiological survey and risk factors analysis of mammary gland hyperplasia in Qinhuangdao

目的统计分析秦皇岛地区女性乳腺增生症的流行病学调查及危险因素分析,为制定科学有效的预防策略提供科学依据。方法选择2015-01至2015-12在秦皇岛市第一医院体检中发现的475例乳腺增生症患者作为实验组,以同期体检的475名体检健康者作为对照组,对婚姻情况、收入、BMI指数、沿海地区居住时间、文胸材质、佩戴文胸时间、佩戴松紧度、睡眠时间、入睡时间、每天使用电脑时间、年龄、职业、喂养方式、文化程度等方面的内容进行统计分析。结果观察组与对照组在收入、BMI指数、文胸材质、佩戴文胸时间、佩戴松紧度、睡眠时间、入睡时间、每天使用电脑时间、年龄、职业、喂养方式、文化程度等方面比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组与对照组在婚姻情况、沿海地区居住时间(年)比较,差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 BMI指数大于25、不适当的文胸材质、佩戴文胸时间过长过紧、睡眠时间短、经常熬夜、不哺乳或哺乳时间过短、文化程度高都是乳腺增生症的危险因素,需要有针对性的加以预防。

Objective To analyze the results of an epidemiological survey and risk factors of female patients with hyperplasia of mammary glands in Qinhuangdao and to provide data for strategies of effective prevention. Methods 475 cases of breast hyperplasia detected during physical examinations in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2015 were selected as the experimental group,with another 475 healthy persons undergoing the same physical examinations as the control group. The incomes,marital status,BMI index,length of residence along the coast,texture of bras,how long bras were worn,tightness of bras,length of sleep,time taken to fall asleep,amount of time spent on the computer,age,occupation,feeding patterns and levels of education were statistically analyzed.Results There was statistically significant difference between the observation group and control group in incomes,BMI index,bra texture,length of time bras were worn,tightness,length of sleep time,time taken to fall asleep,daily exposure to the computer,age,occupation,feeding patterns and levels of education（P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Higher BMI indexes,improper bra materials,too tight or too long-worn bras,too short sleep time,staying up late,feeding no babies,high levels of education. are all risk factors of breast hyperplasia.