土地、户籍与赋税制度影响下的传统乡村聚落形态变迁

An Analysis of Traditional Rural Settlement Changes Affected by Land, Household and Tax System

中国传统乡村聚落的兴起和衰败与不同时期的聚落形态变迁存在关联。当自然条件相差不大时,直接影响变迁的因素是古代社会的土地、户籍和赋税制度。通过分析相关制度与聚落物质形态的相互作用关系,论证了土地、户籍与赋税制度的变化会直接诱发古代聚落既一脉相承又丰富多彩的形态变迁。制度的更迭是揭示聚落变迁内部原因的重要线索。分析和认识相关制度演化下的聚落内部形态变迁的规律,对于当今的小城镇建设也具有一定的借鉴意义。

The rise and decline of traditional Chinese rural settlements are linked to the different periods of settlement pattern changes. The most important factors that directly determine these changes are the land of the ancient society, household registration and tax system. This article analyzes the interaction between the system and the settlement physical form, and demonstrates that changes of the land, the household registration and tax system would directly result in the continuous and rich changes of ancient settlements. The change of the system can help to reveal the important clues of the nature of inherent settlement changes. It could also provide references for today＇s urban and rural construction.