形态学视角下东京城市更新的矛盾与复杂性

Contradiction and Complexity of Urban Renewal in Tokyo Under the Morphological Perspective

相比于欧洲城市较重视历史形态的更新模式,东京的城市更新更为关注未来的功能使用,又因其特殊的房产经济状况,建筑师在建筑更新浪潮中得到了较大的创作空间,故诞生出数量众多的先锋建筑,而东京的城市形态也呈现出动态性和混杂性的特征。但隐藏在建筑形体背后的城市形态框架控制着整个东京的肌理格局。从城市形态学的角度,街道系统和地块组织是比建筑形态更具控制力的形态要素,东京城市更新在前两者的稳定状态下,建筑形态的更新极其活跃,其东亚城市特色的更新路径值得中国城市思考和借鉴。

Unlike the historical characteristics of European cities, the urban renewal in Tokyo pays more attention to the features of future. Because of the special situation of property economics, the architects have been provided great creative freedom in the wave of building update, and have created a large number of pioneering buildings. The urban form of Tokyo shows dynamic and hybrid features. The urban morphological framework of Tokyo behind the buildings has regulated the whole urban fabric. From the perspective of urban morphology, street system and urban blocks are more powerful to control the urban form than architectural shapes. In Tokyo, street system and urban blocks are stable, but the renewal of architectural form is very active. Its renewal mode with characteristics of East Asian cities is worthy of attention and learning for our Chinese cities.