皮肤血管肉瘤

Cutaneous angiosarcoma

皮肤血管肉瘤是一种来源于血管或淋巴管内皮细胞的恶性软组织肉瘤。该病罕见，常发生于老年人头面部，其他部位则多与放疗或慢性淋巴水肿有关。该病临床表现和组织学形态多变，容易误诊。治疗方面，该病具有高度侵袭性，容易复发和转移，且发病机制不清，目前尚缺乏有效的治疗方式。对于早期患者，手术联合放疗为主要的治疗方式。对于局部进展和发生转移的患者，目前多采用细胞毒化疗。然而，患者的长期预后依然不理想。近年来，有部分学者开始研究该病的分子机制，并探索相关的靶向治疗。

Cutaneous angiosarcoma is a malignant soft-tissue sarcoma derived from vascular or lymphatic endothelial cells. It is very rare, and mostly affects the scalp and face of the elderly, while cutaneous angiosarcoma occurring in other sites is usually associated with radiotherapy or chronic lymphoedema. Cutaneous angiosarcoma usually has various clinical manifestations and histological features, and is easily misdiagnosed. In addition, it is highly aggressive with high risks of recurrence and metastasis. Its pathogenesis is still unclear, and effective therapeutic approaches are unavailable currently. For patients with early cutaneous angiosareoma, surgery combined with radiotherapy is the main treatment method. For patients with locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous angiosarcoma, cytotoxic chemotherapy is usually adopted at present. However, the long-term prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Recently, some scholars have started to study the molecular pathogenesis of cutaneous angiosarcoma, and explore related targeted therapy.