湖北省松滋市城市居民2015年HIV感染筛查知信行现状及强化健康教育干预的效果

Knowledge-attitude-practice status of residents at the screening of HIV-1 infections and the effect of strengthening health education intervention in Songzi city,Hubei province of China

目的了解湖北省松滋市居民人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染筛查知识、信念及行为现状,并探讨强化健康教育干预对促进居民HIV筛查的知识和信念水平的效果。方法采取随机整群抽样方法抽取松滋市628名居民为调查对象,采用自行设计的HIV感染筛查知信行问卷,以集中现场调查和入户调查相结合的形式对居民进行调查。同时随机抽取3个社区居民设为干预组,开展强化健康教育干预,另3个社区居民未作干预,设为对照组。比较干预前后两组患者HIV感染筛查知信行问卷得分。结果居民HIV筛查认知较好、HIV筛查信念较好及愿意参与HIV筛查者分别占46.97%(295/628)、50.96%(320/628)、68.95%(433/628);经强化健康教育干预后,干预组居民HIV感染筛查知信行问卷中知识、信念得分及愿意参加HIV筛查比例分别为(23.54±8.63)分、(79.26±11.87)分和82.35%(252/306),均明显高于对照组的(21.71±8.32)分、(75.91±11.43)分和73.94%(210/284),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论松滋市居民的HIV筛查知识、信念、行为水平均不高,有待提高。强化健康教育干预可显著提高居民HIV筛查的知识和信念水平,改善筛查行为,对艾滋病防治有一定的积极意义。

Objective To understand the knowledge-attitude-practice （KAP） status at HIV infection screening among urban residents in Songzi city of Hubei province, and the effect of strengthening health education inter vention. Methods A total of 628 cases of urban residents in Songzi city of Huhei province were selected by random cluster sampling. The KAP status for HIV infection screening were investigated by self - designed HIV infection screening questionnaire. Three communities were selected as the intervention group, and the other three communities as control group. Residents in the intervention group were given strengthening health educa- tion. The KAP scores before and after intervention were compared. Results The rates of good knowledge, good attitude and willing to participate the HIV screening were 46.97% （295/628）, 50.96% （320/628） and 68.95 ~ （433/628）, respectively. After intervention, the scores of knowledge, attitude and the ratio of willing to participate the HIV screening in the intervention group were （23.74-＋8.62）, （79.26~11.87） and 82.35% （252/306）, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in the control group （ （21.71--＋8.32）, （75.91---11.43）, 73.94~ （210/284）） （P^0.05）. Conclusions The level of knowledge, attitude and prac- tice status for HIV infection screening among urban residents in Songzi city of Hubei province islow. Strengthening health education can significantly improve the level of knowledge, attitude and the screening behavior.