新生代小说家游戏性历史叙事研究

Research on Game-like Historical Narrative of Chinese New-generation Novelists

新生代小说家是20世纪六七十年代出生、90年代在大陆文坛产生广泛影响的青年作家群体。他们反叛、颠覆文学传统,以"游戏"(即幽默轻松、自由虚构)姿态对历史进行个人化解构叙事,颠覆传统宏大历史叙事,以此建构新的历史观和历史叙事形态,即追求个体自由的自我历史叙事。后现代的解构、颠覆和个体生命、人性的彰显是新生代小说家游戏性历史叙事的核心精神。新生代小说家游戏性历史叙事主要表现为戏仿、反讽、拼贴等多元形式,其价值在于解构宏大历史叙事,将叙事从传统的压制下解脱出来,开创新的个人化历史叙事模式。但是,游戏性历史叙事应避免陷入无限制的形式狂欢和虚无主义,要考虑社会接受性和文学审美性,形成一种具有自身规则和限度的严肃性游戏历史叙事。

The new-generation novelists in China's Mainland are those who were born in the 1960s- 1970s and had a broad impact on China's Mainland＇ s literary circles in the 1980s-1990s.They rebelled against and overturned the old literary traditions, and broke away from the previous writers by making avant-garde literary experiments and pursuing novel narrative forms. Their way is to deconstruet and personalize history in a game-like style （i.e. humorous and relaxing, and free-fabricating）, to overturn the traditional grand historical narrative and construct a new historical perspective and narrative form, that is, an individual free personal historical narrative form in which postmodern deconstruction and subversion, and the demonstration of individual life and human nature are the core spirit. As the most important characteristic of new-generation novelists＇ historical narrative, ＂game- like＂ style features the deconstruction of traditional norms, diminishment of great significance and reconstruction of individual rules. The game-like historical narrative is mainly expressed in ＂parody＂, ＂Irony＂, ＂collage＂ and other diverse forms. The new- generation novelists＇ game-like historical narrative subverted the grand historical narrative, broke the shackles of old ideas, freed narrative form from the tradition, and created a new personalized historical narrative mode, which bears considerable significance. But this game-like narrative should avoid falling into the form of unlimited form carnival and nihilism, take social acceptance and literary aesthetics into consideration and form a serious game -like historical narrative with its own rules and limits.