老子“道知”性质探微——兼论其对学科教学的启示

Analysis on the Nature of “Knowledge of Tao”

老子"道知"须臾不离对"道"的阐释,"道"的特性既构成自身又构成有关自身的知识。老子"道知"所具有的先在合理性、不可尽言性、善性、工具性等性质,源于老子所预设的"道",又反过来规定并揭示"道"的属性。探析老子"道知"的性质,一则可以深化对老子知识论的研究,有助于人们区分老子知识的类型以及明晰其"道知"的特征及范畴;二则可与当今知识尤其是学科知识形成比照,揭示古今知识的相通和差异之处,并对当前学科教学产生启示及借鉴。

＂ Knowledge of Tao＂ can not be separated for a moment from the interpretation of ＂Tao＂, for the metaphysical nature of ＂Tao＂ constructs both itself and its knowledge. ＂Knowledge of Tao＂ is pre -existently rational, inexplicable, good and instrumental in essence, which derives from Lao-tzu＇ s hypothesis of ＂Tao＂, but, in return, regulates and reveals the nature of ＂Tao＂. On the one hand, to analysis the nature of ＂ontology knowledge＂ can deepen the study on Lao-tzu＇ s epistemology and help people to distinguish the types of knowledge of Lao-Tzu and clarify the characteristics and categories of ＂Knowledge of Tao＂. On the other, it can be compared and contrasted with today＇ s knowledge, especially subject knowledge, reveal the connection and differences between ancient and modern knowledge, and inspire today＇s subject teaching.