移动式砂滤水净化处理洗手装置的研究

Research on mobile sand-filtered purification device for hand washing

目的为缺乏安全用水的贫困地区设计一种砂滤式水净化处理洗手装置,以培养当地居民的良好个人卫生习惯,预防疾病的发生。方法选取坚固耐用、成本低廉的装置外壳材料,确定砂粒滤料的配比,按照GB/T 5750.12—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法微生物指标》中规定的微生物指标检测方法对洗手装置加标水样进水、出水的菌落总数、大肠埃希菌、贾第鞭毛虫孢囊进行检测。结果装置外壳材料选用PP塑料板,砂粒滤料为40~100目,出水水样中菌落总数去除率可达约90%,大肠埃希菌、贾第鞭毛虫孢囊的去除率均为100%。结论该洗手装置可使用普通地表水作为进水,能满足多口之家一天的洗手用水量。该装置组建简单,滤料等可当地取材,成品易操作,适用于供水资源短缺地区或没有管道供水的居民生活使用。

Objective To cultivate good personal hygiene habits of local residents and prevent the disease, to design the fixed sand-filtered device for hand washing in poverty areas, lack of safe water. Methods It was selected the main material of device which both durable and affordable, and the proportion of fixed-sand in the filter was defined. The prepared water samples were used as the source water,the Standard plate-count bacteria,total coliforms and Giardia were detected according to GBfF 5750.12-2006 before and after treatment. Results The device was made of the PP material and the fixed sand was considered that the aperture were 40-100 mesh. The removal rate of the standard plate-count bacteria of filtered water was nearly 90%. Meanwhile, the removal rate of the total coliforms and Giardia were both 100%. Conclusion It suggests that the fixed sand-fihered device for hand washing can use the surface water as the source and adapts for the multi-member family of hand washing water used for one day. The device set up conveniently and operated simply is adapted for the local residents in the area,lack of water supply or pipeline water supply.